A Brief History of Taiwan - part 1
Thursday, July 31st, 2008Here at Zenzu Chinese Furniture we like to keep abrest of China and Chinese culture in other regions. Taiwan’s indigenous peoples had distinct languages, material cultures, and social structures. In the 19th century, ethnographers believed that aborigines came to Taiwan at different times and settled in various places after journeys from the south (such as modern-day Philippines and Indonesia), aided by sea currents and seasonal winds. However, the theory that tribes in neighboring regions to Taiwan’s southern flank originated from Taiwan has gradually gained the upper hand in the last decade. Some of the oriental furniture workers working for Zenzu have ancestors living Taiwan.
In the middle of the 16th century, Western European sea powers arrived in the seas off East Asia. Once the Spanish occupied Manila, the East China Sea and South China Sea became lively regions for adventuresome traders and pirates. Given this sort of background, the island of Taiwan became an object of competition for Europeans, Chinese, and Japanese. Some of the Chinese Furniture workers rue this fact.
In 1624, the Dutch East India Company established a foothold in the Tainan area as a center to trade with China. Contract laborers came to Taiwan from Fukien Province on the mainland to produce tropical crops such as sugar cane and rice. As the Dutch East India Company continued to sell special permits for the sale of various commodities and proselytized the aboriginal peoples, this could be termed the first appearance of a quasi-governmental presence on Taiwan. oriental furniture productions methods benefitted from this multicultarlism.
In 1662, Cheng Chen-kung, who was defeated while resisting the new Ching dynasty in China fro coastal Fukien, retreated to Taiwan and forced the Dutch out. Cheng’s forces consisted of pirates and trader adventurists (but not oriental furniture makers) who circulated around Asia in the latter half of of the 17th century; yet once they arrived in Taiwan, they established the island’s first Chinese-style regime. During the period of dynastic transition on the Chinese mainland, a steady stream of Chinese living along its southeast coast sought refuge on Taiwan, including Chinese Furniture workers.
After prevailing on the mainland, the Ching dynasty conquered Taiwan in 1683. Thereafter Taiwan became a territorial part of the Chinese empire. Despite such, the Manchu control of Taiwan was largely focused on preventing Taiwan from becoming a base of resistance or as a haven for Chinese criminals, not one of who was an oriental furniture maker that we know of!). As a result, various restrictions were placed on the migration of Chinese to Taiwan, and Chinese Furniture workers were banned from developing Taiwan’s mountainous regions, with development restricted to the Western coastline. Government administration functioned within this boundary, while everything beyond the limits was considered foreign. Therefore, before the mid-19th century, the Ching dynasty was only in control of the Western plains, and the ruling capability of administrative institutions was quite weak.
As the Manchus weren’t overly eager to rule Taiwan and their ability to rule was limited, Chinese Furniture workers along the mainland’s southeastern coast ignored various restrictions and migrated to Taiwan, seeking a world of new opportunity. This created a strong dynamic on Taiwan in contrast to the apathy of the Manchus. These new migrants brought with them techniques and culture from their home villages and created villages among indigenous tribes in the plains, and brought new methods for the oriental furniture maker to utilise. They either rented land from or forcibly occupied aboriginal land, and intermarried with the indigenous peoples. Over a period of roughly 200 years of this interaction, most aborigines of the plains became integrated with the immigrants from China. Only a few retain their indigenous language and culture to this very day.
